Innovative Approaches to Submarine Detection and Ranging
The premise of this paper has been raised by a number of parties, including myself at the Defence White Paper 2008 public consultation in Perth, that an innovative approach is needed in submarine detection and anti-submarine warfare (ASW) to deal with the asymmetry in numbers of unfriendly submarines likely to patrol the northern seas of Australia over the next few decades.
The paper was to describe a research programme being proposed to investigate innovative approaches to the detection of submerged submarines. The problem of submarine detection has been approached for many years using a number of conventional techniques based on Doppler processing and array processing in the frequency and time domains.
I claimed that it is highly plausible that increased detection sensitivity can be achieved by applying a combination of techniques from the disciplines of underwater acoustics and target characterisation, advanced signal processing and systems engineering. The paper was to review past and current approaches and then goes on to describe signal processing techniques used in radio-frequency and other array systems that could be adapted for use with acoustic signal processing in the underwater domain.
When time allows, it will be worthwhile describing the current state of the art and to review the current literature. The plan was for the paper to review the theoretical basis of signal processing in both time and frequency domains and to summarise the critical equations and parameters that apply. The interesting part was to follow with a review of the applications in RF, optical and acoustic processing that use similar approaches and then to discuss their suitability for acoustic signal processing for submarine detection.
The techniques include beam formers with pilot signals, a technique from radio-astronomy known as Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), adaptive signal processing for sound and vibration monitoring (also used for active control of sound and vibration) from architectural acoustics and mechanical engineering.
The systems engineering aspects of the solution that needs to be deployed in order to be able to carry out the signal processing in real-time are non-trivial and themselves pose a first-problem. The paper was to conclude with a proposal for a programme of research and development to be undertaken with the objective being the delivery of a new generation of innovative ASW systems.
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